Improvement in machines for making bolts



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. DUNH'AM. MACHINES FOR MAKING BOLTS.

Patented July 31,1877. Ff rl wJrSl N.PETERS, PHoTO-LITHOGRAPAER.wASHlNGTQN, D, C.

2 Sheets-Sheet Z.

G. DUNHAM.

MACHINES FOR MAKING BOLTS.

N0'. 193,644. Patented July 31,1877.

gw; 0 0l l UNITED STATES GEORGE DUNHAM, OF UNIONVILLE, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR MAKING BOLTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 193,644, dated J uly3l, 1877; application filed November 15,1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, GEORGE DUNHAM, of Unionville, inthe county ofHartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Machines-for Making Bolts, of which the following is aspecication My invention consists of the novel parts and combination ofparts as hereinafter fully described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine formaking bolts which embodies my invention, the same being representedwith the capplate removed and a portion of an upper roller broken away,in order to better show the parts. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal and verticalsection of the same, on line w m of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transversesection of detached parts of the same, on line y y of Fig. l; and Figs.4 and 5 are side ele vations of .detached parts of the same.

The machine is designed for the manufacture of carriage-bolts from roundrods of iron; and by bolts, in this connection, I mean the articleprevious to its being threaded, but having the general form of a bolt-towit, a round stem, square neck, and rounded head. Other forms of boltsmay, however, be produced by my machine bya change in the form of theshaping-dies.

Round rods of the diameter equal to the diameter of the round stem ofthe bolt to be produced are brought to a proper heat for a portion oftheir length, and, when hot, a rod is passed into and between thefeed-rollers A A, and fed into and between the die-rollers B B. Thefeed-rollers A A are mounted on suitable shafts, the upper one of whichmay be adjusted to and from its fellow by means of set-screws a a, sothat tbe rod may be forced along by them, and at the same time theirhold upon the rod must be such that they can slip thereon and recede totheir normal posi tion while the rod is being more firmly griped byother parts of the machine.

The shaft carrying the lower feed-roller has a crank affixed to it,which crank is connected -by a pitman toa lever under the main shaft C,said lever being operated by cam b, Fig. l, `to impart motion to thefeed-rollers A A, and

a spring moves said rollers in thel opposite direction when releasedbythe cam b.

The crank, pitman, lever, and spring which actuate said feed-rollers arenot shown in the drawings, as there is nothing specially new in theirconstruction, and any ordinary spring, lever, pitman, and crank thatwill, in connection with the cam b, impart an oscillating motion to thesaid rollers may be employed;

also, any ordinary means for changing the length of the crank to adjustthe range of motion of said rollers may be employed.

The die-rollers B B have three operative surfacesor points: rst, agriping-surface or dies at c; second, aout-oft' or shears, d; and,third, an angular shaping surface or dies, c. These die-rollers are hungin a suitable frame, and oneof them (in the present case the lower one)is provided with a crank, f, Fig. l, connected by pitman g to lever lL,which bears on cam D, whereby an oscillating movement is imparted to thedie-rollers B B, they being connected at one end by means of suitablegear-\vlieels.

The form of the cam D is clearly shown in Fig. 4, in which it'will beseen that a greater portion of it is concentric, so that the dierollersmay rest While said lconcentric portion is passing the lever h. The camalso has two depressions in it, one deeper than the other, and bothformed with a radial-side, which radial sides move toward the lever h,as indicated by the dart in Fig. 4, and constitute the actuatingportions of the cam.

The angular shaping-dies e of the die-rollers are of such size that therodfbcfore upsetting, may be passed through them, and

they are so placed in the die-rollers that when the lever hstrkes theconcentric bottom of the smallest depression in thev cam D, a portion ofsaid shaping-dies will be opposite each other, and allow the rod whichhas not been enlarged or upset to be fed along through them. Thefecd-rollers AA make a part of their movement when the angularshapingdies e are at this point. The radial side of the smallestdepression in cam D then strikes the lever h, and throws thedie-rollersinto a position a little forward of the one shown in Figs.land 2 of the drawing. The feed-rollshears thereafter.

ers about this` time force the end of the rod into the griping-dies c,so that the rod is drawn along by the die-rollers and rmly gripedbetween them. The cam i, Fig. 1, then strikes the lever j, which,through pitman 7c, Fig. 2,

moves the lever E, the wedge-shaped end of which enters in between theouter end of the upsetting-jaws l l, and forces their inner endstogether and firmly uponthe rod. These jaws l l are hung o n aslidingcarriage, and the further movement of the lever E carries saidupsetting-jaws l l toward the die-rollers, the

rod meantime being griped at two points, so that the portion between thepoints' so griped is upset or enlarged. The cam m then strikes the levern and pushes the lower blade of the cut-olf orshears d up throughthelower one of the die-rollers, and cuts olil so much of the rod asprojects beyond that point. If, however, the rod was properly gaged whenput into the machine, but very little, if any, stockv would be cut offat the first operation of the Soon after the operation of the cuto', theupsetting-jaws Z lrecede, and the lever h falls into the bottomk of thelargest depression of the cam D, (forced thereby the spring F,) `and indoingso the die-rollers are thrownbackward until the forward ends oftheupsettingdies e are directly opposite the forward end of that portion ofthe rodA whichl has just been upset. The feed-rollers and die-rollersthen move forward simultaneously, the former'feeding the rod, and thelatter shapingV the enlarged portion of it into a rudimentary angularneck. When the upset portion has been thus shapecL/the die-rollers stopat a point just before the griping-dies-c take hold of the rod again,the lever h, rests on the concentric bottom of the smallestl depressionin cam D, and the feed-rollerscontinue their movement, feeding the rod aproper length for a blank. When the lever hagain rides up the radialside of said smallest depression, the end ot' the rod is again griped inthe griping-dies c, and the operations before described are repeated 5but this time, when the cut-oft' acts, insteadof merely trimming the endof the rod, it cuts oft' a bolt-blank of the proper length, and with anenlarged or upset portion formed into a rudimentary angular neck; landthe operations herein described are repeated for every revolution of themain shaft G, until so much of the rod as is of the proper heat has beenoperated upon.

Transferring-tongs o, attached toa lever, p, are secured to areciprocating carriage, G, thesame having motion imparted to it from themain shaft C through cam H, lever q, pitman r, crankv s, shaft t, cranku, and pitman e. The said tongs are raised and'lowered by means of theshaft I, connected by beveled gearing to the main shaft C, and bearingtwo cams,w lw', which act upon the outer end of the lever p, to depressthe tongs when the said lever is brought into contact Vwith said cams bythe reciprocating movement of the carriageGr, s

Just before the cut-off acts to sever a blank the tongs are broughttoward the die-rollers, and are depressed by the cam w, when theirbeveled noses (see Fig. 3) strike the blank and force the tongs open,allow-ing ythem 'to slip over and take hold upon the blank, they beingforced togetherl by `means of a proper spring, and when they have thustaken hold the blank is cut off. rlhe cam w moves on out from underthelever p, when any suitable spring raises said lever, andV the cam H,through the means described, carries the carriage G, together with thetongs and blank, to a point over the heading-die J and squaring-dies KK, as indicated by broken lines-in Fig. l. The cam w then strikes theleven p, and depresses the tongs o until the end of the blank is betweenthe holding-and .turni-ng jaws dy d, and while thus depressed the cam alon` shaft I- comes in contact with lever b4, to force the cone c'between the outer ends of theholding and turning jaws d' d', andcausesthem to gripe the blank. i

Upon the main shaft C there are three camwheels, L L L, on the sides oftwo-of which are the cams b, t', and m, already described;Said'cam-wheels, also, haveeachtwo peripheral cams, (shown by they sideview'in Fig'. 2,)-the smallest projection or cams beingon the middlecam-wheel, and the largeroneson the side cam-wheels. A

In the bed of the-machinev there arelthree longitudinalsliding bars, M JM, the slide l J having the heading-die formed in its.end,ras shown inFig. 2, andthe bars M M Ahaving' inclined ends or wedgesworking in slotsin the transverse slides, which constitute 4the neck-squaringy dies KK., whereby the longitudinal movement of the bars M actuates-thesquaring-dies to open and close them. The bars M J M are-.forced in onedirection bythe peripheral cams on cam-wheels L L L, andiin theoppositedirectionby springs, onefof which is shown at N in Fig. 2.

Just after the tongs deposit the blank in therholding and turningd'iesthe forwardprojection on the camwheels L L L actsfto close the necksquaringv and. heading dies, and square the neck'andform the head; whensaid parts recede. The holding andlturning'die's are mounted in a shaft,so= that theymay be partially rotated, but confined longitudinally, andsaid shaft is vprovidediwith a crank; f',

Fig. 1, which, through means-of a\ pitman,I

is-connected toa-lever, gv', and actedu'pon by camrh on shaft I,to-impart to the holding and tur-ning jaws a. quarter: revolution or:turn, and-this quarter-turn is givenjustfafterthe necksquaring andheading diesfhavefreceded from their iirst actionV on .the blank. The=next peripheral projection on thecam-wheelsL L L, then, for the second,time during therevolution of the shaft G, closes'thezneck-squaring andheadin g dies, andy gives the-bo1tfits ii'nish ing touch, so far asforming it is concerned, when the dies and holding-jaws open and thebolt falls from the machine.

I claim as my invention- 1. The die-rollers, carrying shears and angularshaping-dies, in combination with mechanisms for operating the shearsand imparting an oscillating motion to the die-rollers, substantially asdescribed, and for the purposes set forth.

2. The die-rollers carrying angular shapingdies, shears, and gripingdies, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

3. The die-rollers carrying shears and angular shaping-dies, incombination with the feed-rollers, substantially as described, and forthe purposes set forth.

4. rlhe combination of oscillating rollers, bearing shears andgriping-dies, with the upsetting-jaws and their operating mechanism,substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of oscillating rollers, bearing shears, angularshaping dies, and griplng-dies, with upsetting-jaws and feed-rollers,substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

6. The combination of shears, angular shaping dies, griping dies, andupsetting jaws, substantially as described, and for the purposes setforth.

7. The combination of angular shaping-dies, griping-dies,upsetting-jaws, and feed-rollers, substantially as described, and forthe purposes set forth.

8. The combination of an guiar shaping-dies, griping-dies,upsetting-jaws, shears, and feedrollers, substantially as described, andfor the purposes set forth.

9. The combination of angular shaping-dies with transferring-tongs andholding and turning jaws, substantially as described, and for thepurposes set forth.

10. The combination of upsetting-jaws, griping-dies, angularshaping-dies, shears, and transferring-tongs with mechanism forcompleting the bolt, .substantially as described, and for the purposesset forth.

11. The combination of angular shaping dies, shears, transferring-tongs,and mechanism for completing the bolt, substantially as described, andfor the purpose set forth.

12. The combination of feed-rollers, upsetting-jaws, griping and shapingdies, shears, transferring-tongs, and mechanism for completing the bolt,substantially as described, and for the purposes s'et forth.

13. The combination of shears, transferringtongs, holding and turningjaws, and squaring and heading dies, substantially as described, and forthe purposes set forth.

14. The combination of holding and turning jaws, mechanism for openingand closing said jaws and giving them a quarter-turn, with neck-squaringand heading dies, substantially as described, and for the purposes setforth.

15. The combination of shears, transferringtongs, and holding andturning jaws, substantially as described, and for the purposes setforth.

16. The combination of angular shapingdies, transferring-tongs, holdingand turning jaws, and squaring and heading dies, substantially asdescribed, and for the purpose set forth.

17. The combination of angular shapingdies, shears, transferring-tongs,holding and turning jaws, and squaring and heading dies, substantiallyas described, and for the purposes set forth.

18. The combination ofthe feed-rollers, upsetting-jaws, oscillatingdie-rollers, with squaring and heading dies M J M, substantially asdescribed, and for the purposes set forth.

19. 'llre combination of feed-rollers, die-rollers, bearinggriping-dies, shears, land angular shaping-dies, transferring-tongs,holding and turning jaws, and squaring and heading dies, substantiallyas described, and for the purposes set forth.

GEORGE DUNHAM.

- Witnesses:

J. D. COOKE, L. H. HART.

